River Birch vs Black Gum - TreeTime.ca

River Birch vs Black Gum

Nyssa sylvatica

Betula nigra

NOT AVAILABLE THIS SEASON - MIGHT RETURN

NOT AVAILABLE THIS SEASON - MIGHT RETURN

Black Gum
River Birch

Black Gum is a slow-growing ornamental shade tree with a dense pyramidal shape. The foliage is dark green in the summer, and transitions to bright fall colours which include red, orange, purple, and gold. It is commonly used as an ornamental tree in parks and large gardens as a specimen or shade tree.

The small greenish white flowers provide nectar for bees and black tupelo honey is a sought after flavour. The small dark blue fruits which ripen in late summer will attract birds and other animals to your yard. The fruits are edible, but very sour, and are primarily used for pies, flavouring, and drinks. Plant the Black Gum where it will live long-term, as it has a large taproot and does not transplant well.

River Birch has beautiful, peeling, brown bark that reveals camel-colored and pink beneath. It is more borer resistant than white bark birches, which makes it a much longer-lived landscape tree.

Black Gum Quick Facts

River Birch Quick Facts

Zone: 3a
Zone: 3a
Height: 12 m (40 ft)
Height: 12 m (39 ft)
Spread: 8 m (25 ft)
Spread: 5 m (16 ft)
Light: partial shade, full sun
Light: full sun
Moisture: dry, normal
Moisture: normal, wet
Growth rate: slow
Growth rate: fast
Life span: long
Life span: medium
Suckering: medium
Suckering: low


Fall colour: purple, orange, yellow, red
Bark: dark gray-brown or pinkish-brown and scaly
Berries: dark blue
Flavor: sour
Harvest: september to october
Seeds: tiny winged seeds located within the catkins
Hybrid: no
Hybrid: no
Catkins: no
Catkins: yes


Native to: ON
Other Names: black tupelo, pepperidge tree, sour gum, tupelo
Other Names: black birch, water birch